Project A2:
Dipolar quantum gases (2005-2017)
Summary
The physics of ultracold atomic gases has rapidly developed during the last years until becoming one of the most competitive and interdisciplinary fields in physics. Among the topics related to this physics, the research on dipolar gases constitutes one of the most promising future directions . This is mainly motivated by the contrast between van der Waals and dipole-dipole interaction. The former, intensively studied in cold gases, is isotropic and short range. On the contrary, the dipole-dipole interaction is anisotropic and long-range, and hence, the properties of these gases are expected to differ significantly from those of short-range interacting gases. Several physical scenarios have been proposed for the achievement of an ultracold dipolar gas. In this project we shall focus on the experimental realization of a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) of chromium atoms. This particular element presents a large magnetic moment, and hence constitutes an excellent candidate. In a joint experimental and theoretical collaboration we shall study the effects of dipole-dipole interaction on the properties of a dipolar condensate, including stability, expansion dynamics, low-lying excitations, roton excitations, Josephson junctions of dipolar gases, solitons, and one dimensional dipolar gases. Additionally, we shall be interested in the study of quantum correlations within such a gas, and in the possibility to find new states of matter (supersolid) in these systems.
Project leaders
Dr. Axel Griesmaier, 5. Physikalisches Institut, Universität Stuttgart
Prof. Dr. Tilman Pfau, 5. Physikalisches Institut, Universität Stuttgart
Refs & Publications
Igor Ferrier-Barbut"Smashing magnets"
New Journal of Physics 18, 111004 (2016); doi: 10.1088/1367-2630/18/11/111004
M. Schmitt, M. Wenzel, B. Böttcher, I. Ferrier-Barbut, T. Pfau
"Self-bound droplets of a dilute magnetic quantum liquid"
Nature 539, 259 (2016), arXiv:1607.07355; doi: 10.1038/nature20126
I. Ferrier-Barbut, M. Schmitt, M. Wenzel, H. Kadau and T. Pfau
"Liquid quantum droplets of ultracold magnetic atoms"
J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys 49, 214004 (2016), arXiv:1607.07355; doi: 10.1088/0953-4075/49/21/214004
I. Ferrier-Barbut, H. Kadau, M. Schmitt, M. Wenzel, T. Pfau
"Observation of quantum droplets in a strongly dipolar Bose gas"
Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 215301 (2016); doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.215301
H. Kadau, M. Schmitt, M. Wenzel, C. Wink, T. Maier, I. Ferrier-Barbut, T. Pfau
"Observing the Rosensweig instability of a quantum ferrofluid"
Nature 530, 194 (2016), arXiv:1508.05007; doi: 10.1038/nature16485
T. Maier, I. Ferrier-Barbut, H. Kadau, M. Schmitt, M. Wenzel, C. Wink, T. Pfau, K. Jachymski, P. S. Julienne
"Broad Feshbach resonances in collisions of ultracold Dysprosium atoms"
Phys. Rev. A 92, 060702(R) (2015); arXiv:1506.01875
T. Maier, H. Kadau, M. Schmitt, M. Wenzel, I. Ferrier-Barbut, T. Pfau, A. Frisch, S. Baier, K. Aikawa, L. Chomaz, M. J. Mark, F. Ferlaino, C. Makrides, E. Tiesinga, A. Petrov, S. Kotochigova
"Emergence of chaotic scattering in ultracold Er and Dy"
Phys. Rev. X 5, 041029 (2015)
T. Maier, H. Kadau, M. Schmitt, A. Griesmaier, and T. Pfau
"Narrow-line magneto-optical trap for dysprosium atoms"
Optics Letters 39 , 3138(2014); arXiv:1403.1499
P. Bienias, K. Pawlowski, T. Pfau and K. Rzazewski
"Ground state of a two component dipolar Fermi gas in a harmonic potential"
Phys. Rev. A 88, 043604 (2013); arXiv:1308.0567; doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.88.043604
K. Pawlowski, P. Bienias, T. Pfau and K. Rzazewski
"Correlations of a quasi-two-dimensional dipolar ultracold gas at finite temperatures"
Phys. Rev. A 87, 043620; doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.87.043620
M. Schmitt, E. A. L. Henn, J. Billy, H. Kadau, T. Maier, A. Griesmaier, and T. Pfau
"Spectroscopy of a narrow-line optical pumping transition in dysprosium"
Opt. Lett. 38, 637 (2013); doi: 10.1364/OL.38.000637
A. Maluckov, G. Gligoric, L. Hadzievski, B. A. Malomed, and T. Pfau
"High- and low-frequency phonon modes in dipolar quantum gases trapped in deep lattices"
Phys. Rev. A 87, 023623 (2013); arXiv:1302.2410
D. Peter, A. Griesmaier, T. Pfau, and H. P. Büchler
"Driving dipolar fermions into the quantum Hall regime by spin-flip induced insertion of angular momentum"
Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 145303 (2013); arXiv:1302.1308 [cond-mat.quant-gas]; (editor
J. Billy, E. A. L. Henn, S. Müller, T. Maier, H. Kadau, A. Griesmaier, M. Jona-Lasinio, L. Santos, and T. Pfau
"Deconfinement-induced collapse of a coherent array of dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates"
Phys. Rev. A 86, 051603(R) (2012); doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.86.051603
D. Peter, K. Pawłowski, T. Pfau, and K. Rzążewski
"Mean-field description of dipolar bosons in triple-well potentials"
J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 45, 225302 (2012); doi: 10.1088/0953-4075/45/22/225302
A. Maluckov, G. Gligoric, L. Hadzievski, B. A. Malomed, and T. Pfau
"Stable periodic density waves in dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates trapped in optical lattices"
Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 140402 (2012)
S. Müller, J. Billy, E. A. L. Henn, H. Kadau, A. Griesmaier, M. Jona-Lasinio, and L. Santos
"Stability of a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate in a one-dimensional lattice"
Phys. Rev. A 84, 053601 (2011); doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.84.053601
M. Falkenau, V. V. Volchkov, J. Rührig, A. Griesmaier, and T. Pfau
"Continuous Loading of a Conservative Trap from an Atomic Beam"
Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 163002 (2011); doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.163002
T. Lahaye, T. Pfau, and L. Santos
"Mesoscopic Ensembles of Polar Bosons in Triple-Well Potentials"
Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 170404 (2010)
T. Lahaye, C. Menotti, L. Santos, M. Lewenstein, and T. Pfau
"The physics of dipolar bosonic quantum gases"
Rep. Prog. Phys. 72, 126401 (2009)
J. Metz, T. Lahaye, B. Fröhlich, A. Griesmaier, T. Pfau, H. Saito, Y. Kawaguchi, and M. Ueda
"Coherent collapse of a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate for different trap geometries"
New J. Phys. 11, 055032 (2009); arXiv:0901.1300v1 [physics.atom-ph]
R. Nath, P. Pedri, and L. Santos
"Stability of Dark Solitons in Three Dimensional Dipolar Bose-Einstein Condensates"
Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 210402 (2008)
T. Lahaye, J. Metz, B. Fröhlich, T. Koch, M. Meister, A. Griesmaier, T. Pfau, H. Saito, Y. Kawaguchi, and M. Ueda
"d-Wave Collapse and Explosion of a Dipolar Bose-Einstein Condensate"
Phys. Rev. Lett 101, 080401 (2008)
M. Klawunn, R. Nath, P. Pedri, and L. Santos
"Transverse Instability of Straight Vortex Lines in Dipolar Bose-Einstein Condensates"
Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 240403 (2008)
A. Muramatsu and T. Pfau (eds.)
"Focus on Quantum Correlations in Tailored Matter"
New J. Phys. 10, 045001 (2008)
T. Koch, T. Lahaye, J. Metz, B. Fröhlich, A. Griesmaier, and T. Pfau
"Stabilizing a purely dipolar quantum gas against collapse"
Nature Physics 4, 218 (2008)
T. Lahaye, J. Metz, T. Koch, B. Fröhlich, A. Griesmaier and T. Pfau
"A purely dipolar quantum gas"
To appear in "ATOMIC PHYSICS 21", proceedings of the XXI International Conference on Atomic Physics (ICAP 2008); doi: 10.1142/9789814273008_0016
L. Santos, M. Fattori, J. Stuhler, and T. Pfau
"Spinor condensates with a laser-induced quadratic Zeeman effect"
Phys. Rev. A 75, 053606 (2007); ; arXiv: cond-mat/0612191, (2007)
R. Nath, P. Pedri, and L. Santos
"Scattering of two-dimensional solitons in dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates"
Phys. Rev. A 76, 013606 (2007)
C. Menotti, M. Lewenstein, T. Lahaye, and Tilman Pfau
"Dipolar interaction in ultra-cold atomic gases"
Alessandro Campa, Andrea Giansanti, Giovanna Morigi, Francesco Sylos Labini (Eds.) ; Dynamics and Thermodynamics of Systems with Long-Range Interactions: Theory and Experiments, Assisi, Italy 4 - 8 July 2007, AIP Conference Proceedings 970, 332 (2008); doi: 10.1063/1.2839130
J. Stuhler, A. Griesmaier, J. Werner, T. Koch, M. Fattori, and T. Pfau
"Ultracold chromium atoms: From Feshbach resonances to a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate"
J. Mod Opt. 54, 647 (2007)
S. Giovanazzi, L. Santos, and T. Pfau
"Collective oscillations of dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates and accurate comparison between contact and dipolar interaction"
Phys. Rev. A 75, 015604 (2007); ; arXiv:cond-mat/0608291 (2007)
K. Glaum, A. Pelster, H. Kleinert, and T. Pfau
"Critical Temperature of Weakly Interacting Dipolar Condensates"
Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 080407 (2007)
B. Fröhlich, T. Lahaye, B. Kaltenhäuser, H. Kübler, S. Müller, T. Koch, M. Fattori, and T. Pfau
"A two-frequency acousto-optic modulator driver to improve the beam pointing stability during intensity ramps"
Rev. Sci. Instrum. 78, 043101 (2007); ; arXiv: physics/0701183 (2007)
Th. Lahaye, T. Koch, B. Fröhlich, M. Fattori, J. Metz, A. Griesmaier, S. Giovanazzi, and T. Pfau
"Strong dipolar effects in a quantum ferrofluid"
Nature 448, 672 (2007)
A. Griesmaier, J. Stuhler, T. Koch, M. Fattori, T. Pfau, and S. Giovanazzi
"Comparing contact and dipolar interaction in a Bose-Einstein condensate"
Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 250402 (2006)
M. Fattori, T. Koch, S. Goetz, A. Griesmaier, S. Hensler, J. Stuhler, and T. Pfau
"Demagnetization cooling of a gas"
Nature Physics 2, 765 (2006)
L. Santos and T. Pfau
"Spin-3 Chromium Bose-Einstein Condensates"
Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 190404 (2006)
S. Giovanazzi, P. Pedri, L. Santos, A. Griesmaier, M. Fattori, T. Koch, J. Stuhler, and T. Pfau
"Expansion dynamics of a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate"
Phys. Rev. A 74, 013621 (2006)
A. Griesmaier, J. Stuhler, and T. Pfau
"Production of a chromium Bose-Einstein condensate"
Appl. Phys. B 82, 211 (2006)
J. Stuhler, A. Griesmaier, T. Koch, M. Fattori, S. Giovanazzi, P. Pedri, L. Santos, and T. Pfau
"Observation of Dipole-Dipole Interaction in a Degenerate Quantum Gas"
Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 150406 (2005)
S. Hensler, A. Greiner, J. Stuhler, and T. Pfau
"Depolarisation cooling of an atomic cloud"
Europhys. Lett. 71, 918 (2005)
A. Griesmaier, J. Werner, S. Hensler, J. Stuhler, and T. Pfau
"Bose-Einstein condensation of chromium"
Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 160401 (2005)